| Type: | Alloy Steel Bar |
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| Standard: | ASTM |
| Technique: | Hot Rolled |
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GB 40CrNiMoA BS S535/AMS 6350 AISI 4340 Round Bar JIS SNCM439
AISI 4340 steel is a medium carbon, low alloy steel known for its toughness and strength in relatively large sections. AISI 4340 is also one kind of nickel chromium molybdenum steels. 4340 alloy steel is generally supplied hardened and tempered in the tensile range of 930 - 1080 Mpa. Pre hardened and tempered 4340 steels can be further surface hardened by flame or induction hardening and by nitriding. The 4340 steel has good shock and impact resistance as well as wear and abrasion resistance in the hardened condition. AISI 4340 steel properties offer good ductility in the annealed condition, allowing it to be bent or formed. Fusion and resistance welding is also possible with our 4340 alloy steel. ASTM 4340 material is often utilized where other alloy steels do not have the hardenability to give the strength required. For highly stressed parts it is excellent choice. AISI 4340 alloy steel can also be machined by all customary methods.
2. AISI 4340 Steel Specification and Relevant Standards
| Country | USA | Britain | Britain | Japan |
| Standard | ASTM A29 | EN 10250 | BS 970 | JIS G4103 |
| Grades | 4340 | 36CrNiMo4/ 1.6511 |
EN24/817M40 | SNCM 439/SNCM8 |
3. ASTM 4340 Steels And Equilvalents Chemical Composition
| Standard | Grade | C | Mn | P | S | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo |
| ASTM A29 | 4340 | 0.38-0.43 | 0.60-0.80 | 0.035 | 0.040 | 0.15-0.35 | 1.65-2.00 | 0.70-0.90 | 0.20-0.30 |
| EN 10250 | 36CrNiMo4/ 1.6511 |
0.32-0.40 | 0.50-0.80 | 0.035 | 0.035 | <=0.40 | 0.90-1.20 | 0.90-1.2 | 0.15-0.30 |
| BS 970 | EN24/817M40 | 0.36-0.44 | 0.45-0.70 | 0.035 | 0.040 | 0.1-0.40 | 1.3-1.7 | 1.00-1.40 | 0.20-0.35 |
| JIS G4103 | SNCM 439/SNCM8 | 0.36-0.43 | 0.60-0.90 | 0.030 | 0.030 | 0.15-0.35 | 1.60-2.00 | 0.60-1.00 | 0.15-0.30 |
4. AISI Alloy 4140 Steel Mechanical Properties
| Mechannical Properties
(Heat Treated Condition ) |
Condition | Ruling section mm |
Tensile Strength MPa | Yield Strength MPa |
Elong. % |
Izod Impact J |
Brinell Hardness |
| T | 250 | 850-1000 | 635 | 13 | 40 | 248-302 | |
| T | 150 | 850-1000 | 665 | 13 | 54 | 248-302 | |
| U | 100 | 930-1080 | 740 | 12 | 47 | 269-331 | |
| V | 63 | 1000-1150 | 835 | 12 | 47 | 293-352 | |
| W | 30 | 1080-1230 | 925 | 11 | 41 | 311-375 | |
| X | 30 | 1150-1300 | 1005 | 10 | 34 | 341-401 | |
| Y | 30 | 1230-1380 | 1080 | 10 | 24 | 363-429 | |
| Z | 30 | 1555- | 1125 | 5 | 10 | 444- | |
Thermal Properties
| Properties | Metric | Imperial |
| Thermal expansion co-efficient (20°C/68°F, specimen oil hardened, 600°C (1110°F) temper | 12.3 µm/m°C | 6.83 µin/in°F |
| Thermal conductivity (typical steel) | 44.5 W/mK | 309 BTU in/hr.ft².°F |
5. Forging of 4340 Alloy Steel
Preheat the steel 4340 first, heat up to 1150°C - 1200°C maximum for forging, hold until temperature is uniform throughout the section.
Do not forge below 850 °C. 4340 has good forging characteristics but care must be taken when cooling as the steel shows susceptibility to cracking. Following forging operation the work piece should be cooled as slowly as possible. And cooling in in sand or dry lime is recommended etc.
6. AISI 4340 Steel Grade Heat Treatment
For pre-hardened steel stress relieving is achieved by heating steel 4340 to between 500 to 550°C. Heat to 600 °C - 650 °C, hold until temperature is uniform throughout the section, soak for 1 hour per 25 mm section, and cool in still air.
A full anneal may be done at 844°C (1550 F) followed by controlled (furnace) cooling at a rate not faster than 10°C (50 F) per hour down to 315°C (600 F). From 315°C 600 F it may be air cooled.
AISI 4340 alloy steel should be in the heat treated or normalized and heat treated condition before tempering. The tempering temperature for depends upon the strength level desired. For strength levels in the 260 - 280 ksi range temper at 232°C (450 F). For strength in the 125 - 200 ksi range temper at 510°C (950 F). And don't temper the 4340 steels if it is in the 220 - 260 ksi strength range as tempering can result in degradation of impact resistance for this level of strength.
Tempering should be avoided if possible within the range 250 °C - 450 °C due to temper brittleness.
As mentioned above, pre-hardened and tempered 4340 steel bars or plates can be further surface hardened by either the flame or induction hardening methods resulting in a case hardness in excess of Rc 50. AISI 4340 steel parts should be heated as quickly as possible to the austenitic temperature range (830 °C - 860 °C) and required case depth followed by an immediate oil or water quenching, depending upon hardness required, workpiece size/shape and quenching arrangements.
Following quenching to hand warm, tempering at 150°C - 200°C will reduce stresses in the case with minimal effect on its hardness.
All de-carburised surface material must first be removed to ensure best results.
Hardened and tempered 4340 alloy steel can also be nitrided, giving a surface hardness of up to Rc 60. Heat to 500°C - 530°C and hold for sufficient time (from 10 to 60 hours) to develop the depth of case. Nitriding should be followed by slow cooling (no quench) reducing the problem of distortion. The nitrided grade 4340 materials can therefore be machined to near final size, leaving a small grinding allowance only. The tensile strength of the 4340 steel material core is usually not affected since the nitriding temperature range is generally below the original tempering temperature employed.
Surface hardness achievable is 600 to 650HV.
7. Machinability
Machining is best done with the alloy steel 4340 in the annealed or normalized and tempered condition. It can be readily machined by all conventional methods such as sawing, turning, drilling etc. However in the high strength conditions of 200 ksi or greater the machinability is only from 25% to 10% that of the alloy in the annealed condition.
8. Welding
Welding of steel 4340 in the hardened and tempered condition (as normally supplied), is not recommended and should be avoided if at all possible, because of the danger of quench cracking, as the mechanical properties will be altered within the weld heat affected zone.
If welding must be carried out, pre-heat to 200 to 300°C and maintain this while welding. Immediately after welding stress relieve at 550 to 650°C, prior to hardening and tempering.
If welding in the hardened and tempered condition is really necessary, then the work piece, immediately on cooling to hand warm, should be if possible stress relieved at 15 °C below the original tempering temperature.
9. Application of 4340 Steel
AISI 4340 steel is used in most industry sectors for applications requiring higher tensile/yield strength than 4140 steel can provide.
Some typical applications such as:
Otai Steel is one of leading supplier of AISI 4340 steel for your different application as above. And we supply 4140 steel, 4130 steels as well. Contact me and let me know your requests anytime.
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General Applications
Widely used for stransmission system,motor of tractor and middle-small auto. Alternative 12CrNi3 to make higher class carburization and cyanide carburizing parts such as oil drilling,claws and cone for mining.
It is commonly used for carburized gears, pinions, shafts, bearings, piston rings, ring gears, crankshafts, etc.
Stock Size
| round bar | Diameter | 12-380mm |
Our steel materials are in different sizes and conditions specially catered to our customers' needs. They come in round bars, flat bars, plates and blocks.
The conditions of the materials vary from pre-hardened, hot rolled,annealed, quenched and tempered to surface conditions such as black, pre-machined,griding and polish.
Why choose us?
Quality Assurance from government owned steel mills
we meticulously source materials only from steel manufacturers to ensure consistency in providing the finest quality steel products for our customers.
Being in the competitive market today, we clearly understand that customers are looking for products that are not only best in class but also affordably priced. We are confident that we are able to ful fil these two equally vital aspects -our customers' continuous support over the past two decades is the most heartfelt recognition to us.
Speedy and Timely Delivery
Knowing that delivering goods to customers' hands on time is as important as providing quality goods, we treat every business transaction as a priority. Be it a raw material or a finished material with machining or heat treatment, every effort will be made to get your purchase order to you in the shortest lead time.
Quality Commitment
In order to realise competitive products to fulfil our customers' demands and quality considerations, our integrated quality and work management system is continuously being improved and developed further. We document this for our customers by having our quality management system certified in accordance with ISO 9001. This measure is accompanied by audits and recertification's on a regularly prescribed basis.
Our service
We provide quality special steel for all industries.
Orders of any size, any length, ship fast
We carry a unique inventory of specialty special steel
Provide related value-adding services :
metal cutting, sizing, machining (blanking, milling, grinding), and heat treatment.
Sawing for small or large quantities, sawing-to-size.
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